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Suffixes 观, 鬼, 界, 然, 坛, 为 and 制 for Building Words

Learn seven word-building suffixes: 观 for outlooks, 鬼 for teasing labels, 界 and 坛 for professional circles, 然 for manner words, 为 for “become/as” verbs and 制 for systems.

वाक्य का ढाँचा

noun/verb/adjective + 观／鬼／界／然／坛／为／制

Each suffix adds a fixed meaning, so once you know it you can guess many new words: 价值观 “values”, 教育界 “the education world”, 学分制 “credit system”.

这位老校长在教育界工作了四十年。

When to use Suffixes 观, 鬼, 界, 然, 坛, 为 and 制 for Building Words

These seven suffixes sit at the end of a word and give it a fixed meaning. 观 means “view, outlook” (世界观, 价值观). 鬼 turns a bad habit into a teasing label for a person (胆小鬼 “scaredy-cat”, 小气鬼 “stingy person”, 懒鬼 “lazybones”). 界 means “circle, field of work” (教育界, 科学界, 新闻界), and 坛 is a more literary word for the same idea in arts and sports (文坛 “the literary world”, 体坛 “the sports world”, 乐坛 “the music scene”). 然 makes manner words, mostly adverbs and adjectives (显然, 偶然, 突然). 为 (wéi) makes verbs meaning “become / as / into” (成为, 称为, 视为, 改为). 制 means “system” (学分制, 会员制, 责任制).

每个人的价值观不一样，所以对同一件事会有不同的看法。

Everyone’s values are different, so people see the same thing in different ways.

这所大学实行学分制，修满学分就可以毕业。

This university uses a credit system; once you have enough credits, you can graduate.

你真是个胆小鬼，连这么小的虫子都怕！

You’re such a scaredy-cat, afraid of even such a tiny bug!

她十八岁就拿了全国冠军，是体坛的一颗新星。

She won the national title at eighteen and is a rising star of the sports world.

आम गलतियाँ

  • 界 names a whole field, not one person: say 他是教育家 or 他在教育界工作, not 他是教育界.
  • 鬼 labels sound teasing or rude; don’t use 胆小鬼 or 小气鬼 for a teacher or a stranger.
  • In 成为, 称为, 视为 and 改为, 为 is read wéi (second tone), not wèi.

लक्षित अभ्यास

आगे बढ़ने से पहले ठीक इसी पैटर्न का अभ्यास करें।

她十八岁就拿了全国冠军，是 的一颗新星

She won the national title at eighteen and is a rising star of the sports world
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