Place + Verb + 着 to Describe What Is There
Describe what is in a place and how it is placed, like 桌子上放着一本书 or 门口站着两个人.
文型
Place (+ 上/里) + verb + 着 (+ number + measure word) + noun
Start with the place, then say how something is there with verb + 着, and end with the thing.
桌子上放着一本书。
When to use Place + Verb + 着 to Describe What Is There
This sentence describes a scene. It starts with the place (桌子上, 门口, 房间里), then a verb + 着 that shows how something is there (放着 “placed”, 坐着 “sitting”, 写着 “written”), and ends with the thing or person, often with a number: 桌子上放着一本书. The place is the subject, so no 在 in front of it, and the thing comes last, after the verb. It is like saying “there is a book lying on the table”.
门口站着两个人。
ドアのところに二人立っています。
椅子上坐着一个孩子。
A child is sitting on the chair.
黑板上写着很多汉字。
There are lots of Chinese characters written on the board.
我的房间里放着一张床和一张桌子。
In my room there’s a bed and a desk.
よくある間違い
- Say 桌子上放着一本书, not 在桌子上放着一本书: the place is the subject, so don’t start with 在.
- Say 桌子上放着一本书, not 桌子放着一本书: add 上 or 里 to turn a thing like 桌子 into a place.
- Say 门口站着两个人, not 两个人门口站着: in this pattern the person or thing comes after the verb.
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