作业做完了 for Thing-First Sentences Without 被
In Chinese, the thing that receives the action can simply be the subject, with no 被: 作业做完了 means “the homework is done”.
文型
thing (receiver of the action) + verb + result / 了
When the doer is obvious or not important, start with the thing and say what happened to it: 饭做好了, 票买到了.
作业做完了。
When to use 作业做完了 for Thing-First Sentences Without 被
In a sentence with a 受事主语 (patient subject), the subject is not the person who does the action but the thing the action is done to: 作业做完了 (“the homework is done”), 饭做好了 (“the food is ready”). There is no 被 and no word for “by”; the doer is left out because it is obvious or not important. The verb normally does not stand alone: it takes a result (做完, 买到, 写错), 了, or 没 for “not yet”.
饭做好了，快来吃吧！
The food is ready, come and eat!
电影票买到了吗？
Did you manage to get the film tickets?
这个字写错了。
This character is written wrong.
衣服还没洗呢。
The clothes haven’t been washed yet.
よくある間違い
- Don’t add 被 to everyday task sentences: say 作业做完了, not 作业被做完了.
- Don’t end with a bare verb: say 饭做好了, not 饭做.
- The thing at the front is usually something both speakers know about, like “the homework” or “my phone”.
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