走进来, 跑出去, 拿回来 for Two-Part Direction Complements
A compound directional complement adds a direction (进, 出, 上, 下, 回, 过, 起) plus 来 or 去 after a verb: 走进来 “walk in (toward me)”, 跑出去 “run out (away from me)”.
Muster
verb + 进 / 出 / 上 / 下 / 回 / 过 / 起 + 来 / 去
The first part says which way something moves; 来 means toward the speaker and 去 means away. A place word goes between the two parts: 走进教室来.
老师走进来了。
When to use 走进来, 跑出去, 拿回来 for Two-Part Direction Complements
A compound directional complement has two parts after the main verb. The first part says which way the person or thing moves: 进 (in), 出 (out), 上 (up), 下 (down), 回 (back), 过 (across, over), 起 (up from lying or sitting). The second part is 来 if the movement comes toward the speaker, or 去 if it goes away from the speaker. So 他走进来了 means he walked in to where I am, and 孩子们跑出去了 means the children ran out, away from me. The verb says how they move: 走 (walk), 跑 (run), 拿 (carry), 站 (stand).
孩子们跑出去玩了。
The children ran out to play.
妈妈从超市买回来很多水果。
Mom bought lots of fruit at the supermarket and brought it back.
请大家站起来。
Everyone, please stand up.
他走进教室来了。
He walked into the classroom.
Häufige Stolperfallen
- Put a place word between the two parts: 走进教室来, not 走进来教室.
- Pick 来 or 去 from the speaker’s position: toward the speaker is 来, away from the speaker is 去.
- 起 only goes with 来: say 站起来; there is no 站起去.
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