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Formal Prepositions 于, 至于 and 因

Use 于 for a formal time or place, 至于 to turn to a related point, and 因 to give a reason in written Chinese.

Muster

于 + time / place; 至于 + topic，…; 因 + reason + verb

于 and 因 are the written-style partners of 在 and 因为; 至于 turns to a related point in speech or writing.

小李因病请了三天假。

When to use Formal Prepositions 于, 至于 and 因

于 and 因 are written-style prepositions; 至于 works in both writing and speech. 于 marks a time or place, like a formal 在: 会议于九点开始, 他出生于上海. 至于 opens a clause and turns to a related side topic, “as for…”. 因 means “because of” and takes a short noun before the verb: 因病没来. In everyday speech people usually say 在 and 因为 instead of 于 and 因.

运动会将于下周五举行。

The sports meet will be held next Friday.

我们学校位于城市的东边。

Our school is located in the east of the city.

至于住的地方，我已经帮你找好了。

As for a place to stay, I’ve already found one for you.

她毕业于北京大学。

She graduated from Peking University.

Häufige Stolperfallen

  • Put 因 + reason before the verb: 比赛因雨推迟了, not 比赛推迟了因雨 (unlike English “postponed due to rain”).
  • 于 is for formal writing: in a chat say 我在北京出生, not 我于北京出生, which sounds like a document.
  • Use 至于 to switch to a second, related point, not to open the first one: 我们周六去，至于时间，再商量, not 至于周六，我们去爬山.

Gezielte Übung

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