这 and 那: This, That, Here, There, and 有的
Point to people, things and places with 这, 那, 这个, 这些, 这儿 and 那里, and pick out “some” of a group with 有的 and 有些.
문형
这/那 (+ number) + measure word + noun; 这些/那些 + noun; 这儿/这里, 那儿/那里; 有的/有些 + noun + verb
这 is near, 那 is far; add a measure word such as 个 for one item, 些 for several, and 儿 or 里 for a place.
那个人是我们的老师。
When to use 这 and 那: This, That, Here, There, and 有的
这 means “this” (near you) and 那 means “that” (farther away). On its own it can be the subject: 这是我的书. Before a noun, add a measure word: 这个人, 那本书, and a number goes between them: 这两本书. For more than one, use 这些/那些 “these/those” with no measure word: 这些苹果.
这是我的手机。
This is my phone.
这两本书都很好。
These two books are both good. (“this” + number + measure word)
那些衣服都太贵了。
Those clothes are all too expensive.
我在这儿，你在哪儿？
I’m here. Where are you?
흔한 실수
- With a number, say 这两本书, not 两这本书: 这/那 comes first, then the number and the measure word.
- Put 有的 at the front: 有的菜我不喜欢, not 我不喜欢有的菜.
- For “here”, say 我在这儿 or 我在这里, not 我在这个: 这个 means “this one”, not a place.
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