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HSK 2.0 Уровень 4+ HSK 3.0 Уровень 4+ 7 мин чтения

Prepositions 自, 当, 由, 随着 and 等 for Time and Place

Say where or when something starts with 自 and 由, set a moment with 当…的时候, describe change with 随着, and say “once…” with 等.

Структура

自 / 由 + place or time (from); 当 + clause + 的时候/时; 随着 + change, …; 等 + clause, … 再/就 …

随着 needs a change after it, and the rest of the sentence says what changed with it.

随着天气变冷，感冒的人越来越多。

When to use Prepositions 自, 当, 由, 随着 and 等 for Time and Place

All five set up a time or a place before the main part of the sentence. 自 and 由 mean “from” a starting point and sound formal: 来自上海, 由北京出发. 当 + clause + 的时候 (or 时) means “when, at the moment that”. 随着 + a change means “as, along with”: 随着天气变冷，…. 等 + clause means “once, wait until”, and the next part often has 再 or 就: 等我做完作业再出去.

她来自上海。

She’s from Shanghai.

当我到家的时候，雨已经停了。

When I got home, the rain had already stopped.

等我做完作业再出去玩。

I’ll go out to play once I’ve finished my homework.

我们由北京出发，坐火车去西安。

We’ll set off from Beijing and take the train to Xi’an.

Частые ошибки

  • Close a 当 clause with 的时候 or 时: 当我回家的时候，…, not 当我回家，….
  • Put a change after 随着: 随着生活水平的提高, not just 随着生活水平.
  • Don’t use 自 as an everyday “from” before the verb: say 我从河内来, or formally 我来自河内, not 我自河内来.

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