替, 同 and 较 for “For,” “With” and “Compared With”
替 means doing something for someone or in their place, 同 means “with” like 跟, and 较 means “compared with” in written Chinese.
Структура
替 / 同 / 较 + noun + verb phrase
替 + person means “for someone, in someone’s place” (我替你去) or feeling something on someone’s behalf (替你高兴). 同 + person means “with” and works like 跟 in a slightly more formal tone. 较 + noun means “compared with” and is used in written reports.
你得了第一名，大家都替你高兴。
When to use 替, 同 and 较 for “For,” “With” and “Compared With”
Like other prepositions, 替, 同 and 较 come before the verb with their noun. 替 + person shows who you act for: 我替你去 means you go so that the other person doesn’t have to; with feelings, 替你高兴 and 替我担心 mean feeling happy or worried for someone. 同 + person means “with” (同你商量 “discuss with you”) and is a more formal or southern-sounding 跟. 较 + noun means “compared with,” mainly in written reports: 较去年增加了不少.
你别替我担心，我自己能处理。
Don’t worry about me; I can handle it myself.
我想同你商量一件事。
I’d like to discuss something with you.
今年的学生人数较去年增加了不少。
The number of students this year has increased quite a lot compared with last year.
他今天有事，我替他来开会。
He’s busy today, so I’m attending the meeting in his place.
Частые ошибки
- 替 means “in someone’s place” or “on someone’s behalf”; to say who receives something, use 给: 给他打电话, not 替他打电话 (which means phoning for him).
- 较 is written style; in casual speech say 比: 今天比昨天热.
- Don’t confuse preposition 较 (较去年增加) with adverb 较 “relatively” (较好).
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