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况且, 加之, 乃至 and 且 for Adding More

Use 况且 to add one more reason for a decision, 加之 to add one more cause of a result, 乃至 for “and even (a bigger one)”, and written 且 for “and also”.

Muster

reason 1，况且 + reason 2 ／ cause 1，加之 + cause 2，(所以) result ／ A 乃至 B ／ adj 且 adj

况且 = besides (a further reason); 加之 = on top of that (a further cause); 乃至 = and even (a bigger item); 且 = and also (written).

现在去还来得及，况且路也不远，我们走过去吧。

When to use 况且, 加之, 乃至 and 且 for Adding More

All four connectors add something, but in different ways. 况且 starts a clause that adds one more reason to support what you say or decide, often with 也, 又 or 还 after it: 现在去还来得及，况且路也不远. 加之 adds one more cause, and a result usually follows: 他基础好，加之学习努力，所以进步很快. 乃至 links words or phrases and adds a bigger, further item at the end, “and even”: 全校乃至全市. 且 is a short written word for “and also”; it links two adjectives or verbs (简单且有效) and appears in 既…且… “both … and …”.

他本来基础就好，加之学习非常努力，所以进步很快。

He had a good foundation to begin with, and on top of that he studies very hard, so he has improved quickly.

这首歌很快在全校乃至全市流行起来。

This song quickly became popular across the school and even across the whole city.

这种学习方法简单且有效。

This study method is simple and effective.

这件衣服颜色不好看，况且也太贵了，我不买了。

The colour of this piece of clothing isn’t nice, and besides, it’s too expensive. I won’t buy it.

Häufige Stolperfallen

  • 况且 adds a reason for what you say or decide; 加之 adds a cause that explains a result.
  • 乃至 puts the bigger item last: 全校乃至全市, not 全市乃至全校.
  • 且 is written and mostly links adjectives or verbs (简单且有效); in speech use 而且 or 又…又….

Gezielte Übung

Übe genau dieses Muster, bevor du weitermachst.

他从小就爱画画， 父母也很支持他，所以画得越来越好

He has loved drawing since he was little, and on top of that his parents support him, so he draws better and better
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