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HSK 2.0 Уровень 3+ HSK 3.0 Уровень 3+ 7 мин чтения

出, 起 and 下 as Result Complements

Use 出, 起 and 下 after a verb to show a result: come up with (想出), recall (想起), and keep or fit (写下, 坐得下).

Структура

Verb + 出 / 起 / 下 (+ object)

出 brings something out (想出, 看出), 起 brings it back up (想起), 下 makes it stay or fit (写下, 坐得下).

我突然想起一件事。

When to use 出, 起 and 下 as Result Complements

After a verb, 出, 起 and 下 can lose their literal direction (out, up, down) and show a result instead. 出 means something comes out into the open: you produce or recognise it (想出一个办法, 看出他不高兴). 起 means something is brought up from memory or into the conversation (想起, 说起). 下 means something is kept in place or fits into a space (写下, 留下). The object goes after the complement: 想起一件事.

我一听就听出是你了。

I knew it was you as soon as I heard your voice.

他看出我有点儿不高兴。

He could tell I was a bit unhappy.

请写下你的名字和电话。

Please write down your name and phone number.

说起北京，我就想起了大学生活。

Speaking of Beijing, I’m reminded of my university days.

Частые ошибки

  • For something you already knew, use 想起, not 想出: 我想起他的名字了, not 我想出他的名字了.
  • “Can’t afford” is 买不起, not 不能买: 这个我不能买 means you’re not allowed to buy it.
  • The object goes after the complement: 想起一件事, not 想一件事起; 看出他很累, not 看他很累出.

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