……，因而... for “And So” in Written Chinese
因而 introduces a result in written Chinese, like 所以 but more formal, and it can come after the subject of the result clause.
Pattern
cause，(subject +) 因而 + result ｜ 由于 + cause，因而 + result
因而 means “therefore, as a result” and links a cause to its result inside one sentence. It is written style, so you meet it in reports, essays and news. It often pairs with 由于, and it can stand before the result clause or right after its subject.
他每天坚持练习，因而进步很快。
When to use ……，因而... for “And So” in Written Chinese
The first clause gives a cause, and 因而 introduces what followed from it: 他每天坚持练习，因而进步很快. It can also follow the subject of the second clause: 很多人因而换上了厚衣服. The cause clause can start with 由于, but not normally with 因为, which pairs with 所以.
由于准备充分，因而这次活动非常成功。
Because the preparation was thorough, the event was a great success.
这本书语言简单，例子丰富，因而很受学生欢迎。
This book is written simply and has lots of examples, so it is very popular with students.
天气突然变冷，很多人因而换上了厚衣服。
The weather suddenly turned cold, so many people changed into warm clothes.
这条路经常堵车，因而大家都改坐地铁了。
This road is often jammed, so everyone has switched to the subway.
Common traps
- 因为 normally pairs with 所以; with 因而, use 由于 or no connector in the first clause.
- 因而 is written style; in conversation use 所以.
- To start a new sentence with “therefore,” 因此 is the usual choice; 因而 normally links clauses inside one sentence.
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