Starter Aspect and Word Order
Contrast 了, 过, 着, 都, and 也 in short reusable patterns.
Goal
Learners can recognize early aspect markers and place 都/也 before the predicate.
Make three new sentences with this module’s grammar pattern and support words.
Focus
Useful examples
我已经买票了。
Wǒ yǐjīng mǎi piào le.
I have already bought tickets.
他们都去过北京。
Tāmen dōu qù guo Běijīng.
They have all been to Beijing.
了 for Change and Completion
Recognize two early uses of 了: completed actions and new situations.
Practice sentences
他完成了任务以后，就回家了。
After he completed the task, he went home.
The first this word marks completed action.
说到做饭，妹妹的水平强过我。
When it comes to cooking, my younger sister is better than me.
A lively one-character word after 强 for comparing.
门开着。
The door is open.
This word marks the continuing state.
他生气地走了，看都不看我一眼。
He walked off angrily and wouldn’t even look at me.
The emphasis word between the two verbs.
Try a few cards from this module
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Module word list
| Word | Pinyin | Meaning | Level | Dictionary |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 了 | le | (completed action marker) |
HSK 2.0 1
HSK 3.0 1
|
Dictionary |
| 过 | guò | to cross |
HSK 2.0 4
HSK 3.0 2
|
Dictionary |
| 着 | zhe | aspect particle indicating action in progress |
HSK 2.0 2
HSK 3.0 2
|
Dictionary |
| 都 | dōu | all; both; entirely |
HSK 2.0 1
HSK 3.0 1
|
Dictionary |
| 也 | yě | (adverb) also; both ... and ... (before predicates only) |
HSK 2.0 2
HSK 3.0 1
|
Dictionary |
| 买 | mǎi | to buy |
HSK 2.0 1
HSK 3.0 1
|
Dictionary |
| 来 | lái | to come |
HSK 2.0 1
HSK 3.0 1
|
Dictionary |
| 看 | kàn | to see |
HSK 2.0 1
HSK 3.0 1
|
Dictionary |
| 开着 | kāi zhe | open; turned on |
HSK 2.0 2
HSK 3.0 2
|
Dictionary |
| 明白 | míng bai | clear |
HSK 2.0 3
HSK 3.0 3
|
Dictionary |