Formal Connectors
Use written connector pairs for forms, notices, summaries, and careful explanations.
Goal
Learners can recognize 以及, 并且, 由于, 因此, 然而, and 此外.
Make three new sentences with this module’s grammar pattern and support words.
Focus
Useful examples
请填写姓名、电话以及地址。
Qǐng tiánxiě xìngmíng, diànhuà yǐjí dìzhǐ.
Please fill in name, phone number, and address.
由于材料不全，因此需要重新提交。
Yóuyú cáiliào bù quán, yīncǐ xūyào chóngxīn tíjiāo.
Because the materials are incomplete, they need to be resubmitted.
以及 and 并且
Connect items and clauses in more written Chinese.
Practice sentences
请填写姓名、电话以及地址。
Please fill in name, phone number, and address.
This word works well in formal lists.
这个平台方便，并且比较安全。
This platform is convenient and relatively safe.
This word connects formal clauses.
由于时间关系，今天就讲到这里。
Because time is short, we’ll stop here for today.
A formal word that introduces what caused the delay.
交通很堵，因此我们迟到了。
Traffic was heavy; therefore we were late.
This word introduces the result.
Try a few cards from this module
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Module word list
| Word | Pinyin | Meaning | Level | Dictionary |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 以及 | yǐ jí | as well as |
HSK 2.0 5
HSK 3.0 5
|
Dictionary |
| 并且 | bìng qiě | and |
HSK 2.0 4
HSK 3.0 4
|
Dictionary |
| 由于 | yóu yú | due to |
HSK 2.0 4
HSK 3.0 4
|
Dictionary |
| 因此 | yīn cǐ | thus; consequently; as a result |
HSK 2.0 4
HSK 3.0 4
|
Dictionary |
| 然而 | rán ér | however; yet; but |
HSK 2.0 4
HSK 3.0 4
|
Dictionary |
| 此外 | cǐ wài | besides |
HSK 2.0 5
HSK 3.0 4
|
Dictionary |
| 材料 | cái liào | (raw) material |
HSK 2.0 4
HSK 3.0 4
|
Dictionary |
| 信息 | xìn xī | information |
HSK 2.0 5
HSK 3.0 4
|
Dictionary |
| 影响 | yǐng xiǎng | influence |
HSK 2.0 3
HSK 3.0 3
|
Dictionary |
| 总之 | zǒng zhī | in a word |
HSK 2.0 5
HSK 3.0 5
|
Dictionary |